Efficient enameled copper wire
Apart from electrical insulation, the enamel also provides protection against corrosion or oxidation of the copper wire.
Typical electric strength of the enamel is around 170-220 V/μm, which is why a relatively thin layer of enamel can withstand significant voltage. For example, the 0.375 mm wire with the cracked enamel shown above has a voltage breakdown of 4.35 kV despite the enamel thickness being only 0.0275 mm.
The life span of electrical insulation is related to the temperature at which it is used. A typical minimum lifetime of enamel in its nominal temperature is at the order of 20 000 hours.
There are several nominal temperature ranges (thermal classes), listed with the basis on which the enamel is made, for example:
155-180°C - polyurethane (good solderability at 370-390°C)
180-200°C - polyesterimide (good thermal and chemical resistance, solderable above 470°C)
220°C - polyamidimide (good thermal and mechanical resistance, not solderable through enamel)
240°C - aromatic polyimide (very good thermal, chemical and radiation resistance, not solderable through enamel)
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